Showing posts with label crop circles. Show all posts
Showing posts with label crop circles. Show all posts

Friday, October 18, 2013

Life and Times of Lefty Levengood

Biophysicist William C. Levengood recently passed away. Mr. Levengood, who suggested during telephone conversations in 2010 that I call him Lefty, lived to see many decades of the ufology circus and its tent of hypotheses, research, exaggerations, hoaxes, lies and everything else it contains. As many are aware, Lefty became well known around ufology for his willingness to try to apply scientific research to what he termed crop formations and bovine mutilations. He conducted experiments in his Michigan laboratory and did field work.

I contacted Lefty in 2010 in order to inquire about some points he had previously addressed in some of his research. He was quite willing to discuss his work with me and agreed it would be a good idea for me to record our conversations. He proceeded to tell me about such things as the "most unusual crop formation" he had ever seen. That was of reasonable interest coming from a guy who stated he had personally examined plants from over 300 formations. The most unusual, Lefty explained, was located in Kansas.

"It had no bent nodes," he said, "the crops were not knocked down, there were no expulsion cavities, there were no visible signs, except, in these circles, the wheat grew at a different (increased) height!"  

The formation was further described in Crop Circles, Part Three, one of a series of posts I published in April and May of 2011 with the help and contributions of stiver. This week stiver pieced together some more of Lefty's statements from my 2010 interviews and offered them below:




My personal favorite Lefty story was about a female self-described abductee and an experiment that involved hair curlers and mustard seeds. Lefty instructed the woman to place a curler containing seeds in her hair each night before bed. She would then label each curler with a date while keeping a journal of any unusual experiences she might perceive. Again from Crop Circles, Part Three: 
He [Lefty] said the woman followed instructions very well, doing an excellent job of documenting details of her activities. Every seven days Levengood would retrieve the hair curlers from the previous week while supplying her with seven more, each packed with a plastic capsule containing seeds. He would then dig the plastic capsule out of each returned curler, review the related written information, and, interestingly enough, plant the seeds. He eventually came across the journal entry indicating an experience of high strangeness and the corresponding plastic capsule.
“My God, I was dumbfounded,” Levengood recalled.
The two halves of the capsule shell were melted together, he said, and the entire capsule appeared to be imploded. He carefully worked at the capsule long enough to separate the two halves, at which time he said it made a whooshing noise, indicating it had been placed under some kind of vacuum.
It was heated, of course,” he said...
According to Levengood, the seeds were not wasted. Quite the contrary. Levengood stated the seeds in question grew with “increased vigor,” significantly outgrowing the other seeds!
Controversial and willing to take the heat, pardon the pun, Lefty contributed significantly to the UFO community in a variety of ways. In addition to his clever experiments, he also published a number of professional research papers. Lefty hypothesized that some crop formations may result from natural phenomena and that ion electron avalanches might play key roles. Some of his peer reviewed research papers were challenged and some were not.

My interest in Lefty's work wound The UFO Trail through several circumstances, one of which was the blog of Dr. Jacques Vallee. Suffice it to say the doctor had some of his own extremely interesting ideas about crop formations that offered possible explanations much more down to earth than popularly discussed.

The publishing of my above referenced series of posts on crop circles also resulted in some exchanges with the ever skeptical Lance Moody. I recall that Lance challenged some of the material, resulting in what I recall to have been a productive exchange of credible information and personal interpretations between Lance and I. That interaction indeed built a foundation for what became my respect for Lance Moody's opinions, as well as increasing my appreciation for constructive critical inquiry, an activity that Lefty, as well as Lance, also encouraged.

William C. Levengood was not without controversy. Neither was he without critics. He did, however, do more than his part in challenging researchers to up their crop circle and cattle mute games. If more accurate ways to interpret and analyze the phenomena than currently employed are not utilized in our lifetimes, it's no fault of Lefty's. 

Thursday, May 5, 2011

Crop Circles: Considering Possibilities

Let us begin our current considerations by reviewing some of the key information presented thus far:

  • Authentic crop circles, as compared to hoaxes, are defined as geometric formations of downed plants that consist of artifacts and evidence of unusual energy, such as microwave, to an extent that alters plants at a cellular level. Sometimes, however, downed plants contain such evidence yet appear to be randomly downed, or arranged in non-geometric formations.

  • Primary methods of determining if a formation is authentic should include identifying evidence of unusual energy because hoaxers and artists can be very competent, creating elaborate formations within a single night. Factors such as appearance and size, no matter how initially intriguing, should be considered relatively insignificant as compared to identifying artifacts and evidence of unusual energy.

  • Biophysicist William Levengood informed us that the energy waves may in and of themselves down the plants by bending the nodes. The expulsion cavities and cellular alterations, in addition to serving as evidence of authentic crop formations, may be showing us the very means by which the plants were downed.

  • Crop circles began being reported in the U.S. during the 1940's. Reported crop circles hit an all time high in the U.S. in 1990 and continued to increase over the next two decades. Reports on each side of the Atlantic evolved to include unidentified aerial phenomena in the vicinity of select formations. Investigators grew to resent global governments, becoming convinced evidence was being withheld and independent researchers were being manipulated by the powers that be.

  • Interesting anomalies are periodically identified that at least seem to over-arch with reports of other strange phenomena, such as the circumstances of glassy particles found within certain crop formations as well as found inside homes of select alleged alien abductees. One such Michigan abductee was involved in the 'hair curler' incident and was all but confirmed to have been in the path of very unusual energy during a reported experience of high strangeness, resulting in Levengood determining that some plant seeds along for the ride grew with “increased vigor.” Levengood stated the most unusual formation he ever saw was located in Kansas and crops within the effected area had an increased growth rate. Plants with substantially increased growth rates have also been reported in additional apparent UFO-related circumstances, such as the 75-pound cabbage produced from the garden of Lindy Tucker which was in the vicinity of downed crops and unidentified aerial phenomena. Also, the Travis Walton case includes trees located within the “ring of influence” at the site of the reported abduction growing at a reportedly “astounding” rate. [1]

Weapons Precedence, Vertical Mirrors and Truth-Distortion Camouflage

Long time investigator/author Dr. Jacques Vallee wrote about crop circles and their implications on his Boing Boing blog. [2] Vallee acknowledged that all camps agree the vast majority of formations are the work of hoaxers and artists, but additionally presented for consideration that authentic crop circles may be the work of the military intelligence community, using a beam weapon.

Vallee addressed issues such as the feasibility of such a weapon, citing that disclosures about beam weapons have already taken place. [3] Such devices can be airborne, capable of harming humans and can stop car engines.

Phillips Laboratory, an advanced weapons research facility located at Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque, New Mexico, has long acknowledged such beams and capabilities. [4] A 1993 press release stated the use and direction of “high-power microwaves, high-energy advanced pulsed power and very-high-energy plasmas” had been achieved.

Researcher David Perkins further informed us that such weaponry first began being developed by the American military during World War II. Curiously, this is right about the time crop circles began being reported in the States. In his 1998 article High Heat, Perkins went on to explain how the projection of intense lasers had received military attention during the Star Wars era, including the development of numerous high-power microwave devices. Coincidentally or not, the years following these achievements included record numbers of U.S. crop circle reports. 

On his blog, Vallee noted his interview with what he described as a reliable witness who observed a very curious object hovering in the sky above an area known for crop circles. The man was a professor of physics and a hang glider pilot. Vallee reported that, while doing some flying, the professor observed “something like a perfect mirror hanging vertically in mid-air.” Circling the object to determine its shape, the man decided it was cylindrical and covered with a perfectly reflective surface.

Addressing why the military would be interested in possibly using such weapons to, of all things, create crop circles, Vallee called upon his experience as a computer scientist to warn us of the potential advantages, dangerous as they may be, of effectively manipulating information and public opinion. Vallee noted the initial issue raised by the crop circle puzzle is the construction of belief systems.

He suggested that if authentic crop circles are military experiments hidden in plain sight, then the social manipulation of information providing camouflage for such experiments is indeed quite remarkable. Vallee asserted that the Internet and its promotion of myth can be used to hide a massive technological effort taking place right in front of us, and that little more than the distortion of information presented to an eager to be misinformed audience is all that is required to make such an operation a fascinating success.

The main result is to disturb genuine research of paranormal phenomena, Vallee wrote, but acknowledged this is but one potential aspect of the overall effect. Internet social patterns are most certainly an increasingly important global tool, altering public perception of both the past and future. Mastering the use of such a tool, Vallee surmised, would be well worth the effort, much less a few bent stalks of corn. He suggested, “What we have here is a remarkable example of misdirection around a stunning experiment that remains in full view of a wide public that consistently fails to ask the right questions and keeps re-asserting bogus answers.” [5]

Possibilities and Final Thoughts – For Now

A large percentage of crop circles are indeed hoaxes or artistic creations. Of the remaining authentically interesting formations, in which unusual energy and exploded and/or bent nodes were evident, as compared to plants which were mechanically bent and laid down, possibilities include:

  • William C. “Lefty” Levengood's hypothesis that some formations may be the results of natural phenomena. Ion electron avalanches may particularly play key roles in the creation of some formations. A reasonable argument could be made that the existence of authentic non-geometric formations support this hypothesis, at least in select circumstances.

  • Some kind of non-human intelligence, alien or otherwise, may be creating at least some of the formations for any number of possible reasons. Some people believe this hypothesis is supported by cases of unidentified aerial phenomena reported around crop circles.

  • The military intelligence community, including its sub-contractors, may be creating at least some of the authentic crop circles for reasons that include weapons development and mastering propaganda techniques. Like the non-human intelligence hypothesis, this hypothesis is also supported by cases of unidentified aerial phenomena reported around the formations, just in this circumstance, researchers suspect the aerial phenomena is of quite human origin, rather than non-human origin. This hypothesis is additionally supported by claims of researchers being harassed and/or placed under surveillance by apparent military personnel. This hypothesis may be further supported by the existence of non-geometrically downed plants, particularly if a comprehensive study of data showed that patterns in the creation of downed plants emerged. It would be interesting to accurately identify if patterns might include authentic formations increasing in complexity over time and in ways that could be correlated with the evolution of confirmed weapons development projects.

More research and information is required to draw ultimate conclusions, and combinations of the above hypotheses are possible; they are not necessarily mutually exclusive of one another.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

During this recent series of posts on crop circles, my blog received a great deal more site traffic than normal. I sincerely appreciate all of your interest.

I was particularly pleased to see my friend from yesteryear and independent ufologist, Lindy Tucker, visit the blog and register. Thank you, Lindy!


References:

[1] UFO Updates: Levengood To Look At Travis' Trees


[2] Boing Boing: Jacques Vallee


[3] Boing Boing: Of Flattened Flora and Expulsion Cavities: The crop circle controversy continues


[4] Our Strange Planet: High Heat


[5] Boing Boing: Jacques Vallee: Of Crop Circles, meme wars and web-based flypaper

Friday, April 22, 2011

Crop Circles, Part Three

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, Beeps, Downed Corn and Giant Cabbage

In 1975 in Orton, Ontario, Lindy Tucker and her neighbors began experiencing events of such high strangeness that Tucker's subsequent investigations led to founding a research organization and having some of her work published in the MUFON Journal. Tucker launched Phenomena Under Reasonable Evidence (PURE) Research and her article, Tracing Sound to UFO Encounters [1], was published in the October 1994 Journal. The article presented an excellent summary of Tucker's research into beeping sounds associated with UFOs.

While the UFO sightings and accompanying beeps that were experienced in the Orton community were plenty strange in and of themselves, there were further events worthy of consideration in the context of the crop circle phenomenon. In an article titled Second Sight [2], Tucker further explained the strange goings ons in southern Ontario during the spring and summer of '75.

Following at least two sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena, in which Tucker perceived what she described as “telepathic contact,” she experienced electronic anomalies, including telephone disconnections and appliances inexplicably turning on. Tucker further reported “compasses spinning” in her hand and “odd rashes or burns after being out late in the fields trying to get closer to this mysterious force.”

While all this was taking place, one day Tucker discovered a nearby field of corn “went down.” Every single stalk in the field, as far as the eye could see, she wrote, was “laid down” and the crops “looked singed.”

Then her garden produced a whopping 75-pound cabbage.

                                           Tucker with the amazing cabbage.

Tucker went on to investigate crop circles and is currently a member of the Independent Crop Circles Researchers' Association (ICCRA). She explained in Second Sight that following her introduction to Colin Andrews in 1991, he provided her with crop circle locations in North America. She began mapping the locations with the beeping UFO cases, and wrote, “Remarkably, they are all super-imposed in the same locations, time and time again.”

I suppose it largely depends on the reader as to what they suppose Tucker's experiences and research indicate. Proponents of the ETH will no doubt see evidence of aliens in between the lines, while those who prefer to believe all crop formations are hoaxes, regardless of what they think about UFOs, might prefer to think the downed corn near Tucker's home had little or nothing to do with her other strange experiences.

Yet another perspective might be held by people who notice the likely presence of concentrated amounts of electromagnetic frequencies (EMFs) and microwave pulses as suggested by Tucker's descriptions of electronic anomalies, malfunctioning compasses, singed crops and unexplained burns. Such are indeed the things that research projects of the era and overexposure to EMFs are known to be made of.

I cannot say with any certainty if humankind is the only intelligence using microwave and electronic frequencies, if there are visiting aliens that also use such forces, if some kind of natural yet intense EMFs were manifesting in Orton or, for that matter, if intense EMFs were present at all. Combinations thereof are also possible and I by no means claim to conclusively know exactly what has taken place around Lindy Tucker. As promised in the first post of this series, I will simply present facts and encourage readers to form their own opinions about what the facts indicate.

While I do not know the extent intense microwave forces may have been present in Orton during the UFO flap and strange occurrences of 1975, I do happen to know that artifacts of intense microwave energies have been identified in not only select crop formations, but also quite likely in the homes of select alleged alien abductees. There are indeed curious circumstances that justify further research, whatever one may suspect such circumstances ultimately indicate.

William Levengood on Microwave Energy and the “Most Unusual Crop Formation”

The work of William C. “Lefty” Levengood (pictured left) includes examinations of crop circles and cattle mutilations, as well as investigations of alleged alien abduction. Levengood, a Michigan biophysicist and consultant to ICCRA who has personally examined plants from over 300 crop formations, was credited with identifying glassy particles curiously located in the homes of select alleged abductees [3]. Interestingly, such particles were not found in a sample of homes of non-abductees.

We can only speculate on exactly what caused such apparent trace evidence, but I find it noteworthy that, according to Levengood and other researchers, similar glassy particles have been located in select crop circles. While intense microwave pulses might be among the possible factors on a list of potential, even if just partial, explanations, we need not entirely speculate when it comes to identifying circumstances that virtually certainly establish a connection between an alleged abductee and extremely unusual EMFs.

An extraordinary tale [4] was making the rounds in which Levengood had quite cleverly instructed an abductee as to how they might possibly obtain evidence that something was indeed regularly taking place, whatever that something might eventually turn out to be. As the story went, Levengood supplied the female abductee with an assortment of hair curlers, each having a plastic capsule stuffed in it which had seeds, allegedly wheat seeds, placed in it. Each night, before going to sleep, she was to put a hair curler in her hair. Each morning, she was to properly date and store the curler, documenting in a journal if she had experienced anything unusual during the previous night or 24 hours.

According to various Internet sources, the woman experienced some type of high strangeness, or possible alien abduction, one night during the experimentation period. Levengood would later find the seeds to indeed be altered which coincided with the date of the strange experience. As the story went, the seeds were completely fried.

I contacted William “Lefty” Levengood in 2010 so I could find out more about such extraordinary claims. Levengood graciously agreed to participate in two telephone interviews conducted during July of 2010. As is often the situation with tales circulating around the Internet, Levengood informed me there is truth mixed with inaccuracy in the hair curler story. However, in this case, I found the truth even more interesting!

From the outset of our discussions, Levengood stressed he was committed to accuracy. He clearly wanted assurance his statements would be presented properly and not taken out of context. He wanted it clarified he discourages unfounded speculation and had made no conclusive connections between phenomena such as reported crop circles, alien abductions and cattle mutilations. Actually, he went as far as to discourage the discussion of such phenomena in the same context, as connections are not yet conclusively established. An example of his commitment to accuracy can be observed in his preference of the term bovine mutilations to cattle mutilations.

The problem is people do not like to think,” Levengood told me, “and that's where you come in, to communicate to these people.”

Levengood is quick to warn there is a vast spectrum of microwave frequencies, and that assumptions should therefore not be made about microwave artifacts necessarily originating from the same source. He also pointed out it would take a great deal more work to quantify accurate details surrounding the glassy particles.

He explained that only about ten percent of the total energy used by a home microwave oven is actually allocated to microwave energy, stating, “If we had used more efficient, higher energy microwave wave lengths, we couldn't have it on when we had our television on or our telephone or our radio – we wouldn't be able to hear them. In other words, the microwave energy would completely wipe them out.”

Explaining why microwave oven manufacturers are limited to “such a low efficiency,” Levengood continued, “If they'd allowed higher frequencies of microwaves, which are more efficient, then, yes, you could stick your food in there and it probably wouldn't take over ten seconds to heat it up, but you wouldn't be able to run any other electrical communications devices, like televisions and so on, while you were using your microwave. So they only allowed the microwave people to work in this very inefficient range.”

I found this subject matter very interesting in the context of electrical anomalies, as are commonly reported during and following certain events of high strangeness. I asked about microwaves and their apparent relationships with crop circles.

The microwave that's applied in crop formations – that is of the very, very efficient wave length,” Levengood said, pointing out that electrical devices and batteries are subject to malfunction within certain crop formations.

He further explained how early on he conducted some experiments. Michigan farmers were helpful in supplying Levengood with fresh samples of wheat, and he would take it home and “stick it in the microwave.” While he was able to duplicate plant abnormalities as found in authentic crop formations to a certain extent, the process took too long and was therefore not an entirely accurate simulation, he said.

The nodes bent all right,” Levengood recalled, “but they were just totally limp. In other words, the microwave heated the whole node. It took probably 15 to 20 seconds to get a node to bend. Well, that was too long – the nodes just collapsed. They didn't produce a precise bending like I find in the crop formations. The reason was for the reason I just told you (inefficient microwave ovens).”

Further emphasizing his point that authentic crop circles are created with intense and highly efficient microwave forces, he continued, “The microwave in the crop formation, that probably is applied in a matter of micro-seconds - it can bend the wheat that fast. With the inefficient wave length that we use in our microwave ovens in our homes, it takes 15 to 20 seconds to get the node to bend and therefore the whole thing collapses.”

I asked about the hair curler incident. The story did actually happen, as Levengood thought it would be a good idea to use seeds to try to document the presence of abnormal energies surrounding the female abductee.

I could give you a whole day's lecture on work just with her,” he proclaimed.

The first inaccuracy in the story was the type of seeds. The actual seeds used were Arabidopsis thaliana, a small flowering plant in the mustard family commonly used by the international research community.

He said the woman followed instructions very well, doing an excellent job of documenting details of her activities. Every seven days Levengood would retrieve the hair curlers from the previous week while supplying her with seven more, each packed with a plastic capsule containing seeds. He would then dig the plastic capsule out of each returned curler, review the related written information, and, interestingly enough, plant the seeds. He eventually came across the journal entry indicating an experience of high strangeness and the corresponding plastic capsule.

My God, I was dumbfounded,” Levengood recalled.

The two halves of the capsule shell were melted together, he said, and the entire capsule appeared to be imploded. He carefully worked at the capsule long enough to separate the two halves, at which time he said it made a whooshing noise, indicating it had been placed under some kind of vacuum.

It was heated, of course,” he said.

I confidently suspect Levengood's assertion the capsule had been heated is why the inaccurate detail circulated that the seeds were fried, a detail that was simply incorrect. According to Levengood, the seeds were not wasted. Quite the contrary. Levengood stated the seeds in question grew with “increased vigor,” significantly outgrowing the other seeds!

Upon discovering this to be the case, I was immediately reminded of Tucker and her 75-pound cabbage. I was therefore eager to hear more about circumstances of which Levengood was aware in which growth rates of plants were obviously altered by whatever was taking place around them. Quite interestingly, one such circumstance included what Levengood called the “most unusual crop formation” he ever saw.

This crop formation was in Kansas,” he explained. “It had no bent nodes, the crops were not knocked down, there were no expulsion cavities, there were no visible signs, except, in these circles, the wheat grew at a different (increased) height!”

Levengood continued, “That was very, very interesting to me. It was one of the most interesting I've looked at because of the absence of all these things that I'd been talking about before; the internal cell changes, etc. Well, the reason was, for the first time ever, this particular formation seemed to have no component – now get this – no component of microwave energy, or extremely low, and a very high component of the other primary energy, and that is ion electron avalanches.”

Further investigation revealed related circumstances have indeed been of interest to researchers - and for quite some time. Stimulation of plant growth has been explored for decades by means of exposing seeds or plants to low doses of ionizing radiation or by the use of radioactive fertilizers.

In my next and final post in this series, we will explore what Dr. Jacques Vallee has written about such peculiarities. More on William C. “Lefty” Levengood, including his published reports and related hypothesis, which consists of the likelihood select crop formations are created by organized ion plasma vortices and electromagnetic energy absorption through the atmosphere, may be viewed at:



References:

[1] The Virtually Strange Network: Tracing Sound to UFO Encounters


[2] Colin Andrews: Second Sight 


[3] Alien Abduction Experience and Research (AAER): Alien and UFO Research


[4] Our Strange Planet: High Heat

Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Crop Circles, Part Two

History

A lack of credible statistics on the history of crop circles tends to muddy the waters of clarity. We find this to particularly be the case when trying to limit our review of the situation to formations defined as authentic crop circles, plants downed and consisting of measurable plant abnormalities resulting from unexpected energy.

Early reports that could be perceived as related to crop circles date all the way back to 17th century England [1]. Although popularly discussed among crop circle enthusiasts, such events are not well documented, are largely subject to interpretation and ultimately provide us with little verifiable evidence. While there are many rumors about crop circles, it is generally accepted that England is home to the majority of reported formations, authentically interesting or not.

The Independent Crop Circle Researchers' Association states formations began being reported in the U.S. during the 1940's [2]. Reports were slim to none for several years thereafter, increasing in numbers and frequency during the mid 20th century. Reports took off in the States in 1990 when 25 crop circles were reported, a record high surpassed by 35 reports in 1997. The U.S. record was again broken in 2004 when 40 crop circles were reported.

Canada is no stranger to such reports, and formations are subject to popping up, or down, depending on how we look at it, intermittently around the globe, as was recently the case in Indonesia [3]. For whatever combinations of reasons, reports of crop circles took hold and increased.

Non-Geometric Formations

Non-geometric, seemingly randomly downed crops are among the more curious and less commonly known aspects of this intriguing phenomenon. Nancy Talbott of BLT Research reports cellular plant abnormalities found in authentic crop circles are also found in non-geometrically flattened crops [4]. Ms. Talbott coordinated laboratory testing of plants from select non-geometric formations, confirming the plants not only had abnormalities as found in authentic geometric formations, but “to a greater degree in most instances.”

Furthermore, Ms. Talbott and her research team documented both geometrically and non-geometrically downed plants occurring in the same fields, apparently relatively simultaneously. Patches of seemingly randomly downed crops were documented to overlap geometric crop circle formations. If all of that is not intriguing enough, it gets even more interesting: evidence indicates the energy systems that apparently create the formations revisit the fields. The creation of an authentic crop circle is not necessarily a one-time occurrence limited to a single evening as commonly believed.

Ms. Talbott and BLT Research report geometric crop formations, such as discovered during June of 1998 in Eltopia, Washington, USA, are embellished in the days following their initial creation. Such embellishments include addition of non-geometric formations, as well as addition of geometrically downed plants in some circumstances. Photos of the Eltopia formation, its evolution and additional instances of very curious non-geometrically downed plants may be viewed at:


Orbs, Helicopters and Government Circles

Flying objects, both unidentified and identified, became enmeshed with the crop circle phenomenon as it received increased attention. Lights, orbs and ominous black helicopters were reported zipping about in the vicinity of crop circles and those who investigate them. Some of the most publicized accounts of such circumstances involved leading crop circle researcher Colin Andrews [5].

Mr. Andrews and his colleagues apparently observed and filmed unidentified aerial phenomena in close proximity to themselves and crop circles on multiple occasions. Photos and video of such circumstances may be viewed at:


Members of the crop circle research community additionally report harassment by people assumed to be involved with military agencies. Such accusations resulted in escalating tension and distrust among researchers toward government figures and agencies, byproducts of which include the publication of Government Circles [6], a book authored by Mr. Andrews.

What are the possible explanations for such strange circumstances as addressed thus far? To begin composing a list, we should review the work of a few more independent researchers, including Lindy Tucker and William C. Levengood. We will begin considering their work in my next post.


References:

[1] Rense: Early Crop Circles The Hertfordshire Mowing Devil


[2] Independent Crop Circle Researchers' Association: USA Crop Circles Reported 1880-2008


[3] Yahoo! News: Crop Circle Found in Indonesia Rice Paddy


[4] BLT Research Team, Inc: Other Facts


[5] Colin Andrews: Best Photograph Yet Taken of a UFO Orb in Crop Circle Fields


[6] Amazon: Crop Circles, 2012 and More

Crop Circles, Part One

Most everyone even remotely familiar with the UFO phenomenon has marveled at crop circles, intriguing formations that are sometimes both complex and stunning. Crop circles long since became conceptually joined with UFOs, for better or for worse, at least in the court of popular opinion. Should they be joined?

Is there, in fact, reasonable evidence to conclude that unidentified aerial phenomena are related to crop circles? Are these curious formations the preferred method of communication of a civilization so alien to our own that we struggle to comprehend even their most basic means of reasoning, or do the origins of crop circles lie somewhere in explanations that are much less sensational, interesting as those explanations may be? In a series of upcoming posts I will explore such questions, presenting information for consideration while encouraging readers to form their own opinions.

William C. Levengood

The information to be presented was obtained through interacting with select researchers over the years, reviewing their work and presenting them with specific questions. Such was the case when William C. Levengood, a retired Michigan biophysicist who remains quite active in ufology, agreed to participate in telephone interviews conducted during July of 2010.

Mr. Levengood first became interested in crop circles over 20 years ago, leading to personally examining select formations and their altered plant structures. He has now analyzed over 300 formations in his lab. Further information about Mr. Levengood, his work and how it correlates with the work of other researchers will be presented.

Definitions

We should begin by defining a crop circle. The term actually earned a spot in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, largely due to the work of Colin Andrews, an electrical engineer from the United Kingdom who is considered a leading authority on the subject [1]. Merriam-Webster defines a crop circle as a geometric and especially a circular pattern of flattened stalks in a field of grain now usually attributed to natural phenomena or to the work of hoaxers trying to create the impression of a visit by extraterrestrial beings [2].

While the Merriam-Webster definition might be reasonably accurate for a certain percentage of crop circles, maybe even a large percentage, select researchers might very well label the definition incomplete. Organizations such as the Independent Crop Circles Researchers' Association (ICCRA), of which Mr. Levengood is a consultant and independent ufologist Lindy Tucker, who aspects of her work will be considered, is a member [3], are a bit more particular in defining authentic crop circles.

Authentic crop circles should contain anomalous circumstances such as artifacts of intense energy, probably microwave. Plant nodes are elongated and plants are altered at a cellular level, sometimes rather dramatically [4]. Such circumstances must be identified to separate authentic crop circles from what have become increasingly elaborate and competent hoaxes.

Hoaxes

Popular opinion has long held that hoaxers could not create complex geometric formations in short periods of time that would be necessary to avoid getting caught in the act. This opinion is quite incorrect, however, and underestimates the ingenuity of determined hoaxers. Mr. Andrews reports that during 1999 and 2000, he exposed some 80 percent of crop circles reported in England as hoaxes [5]. Furthermore, National Geographic demonstrated without question that certain individuals indeed take pride in designing elaborate crop circle formations and very much have the capabilities to create such formations during the cloak of a single night [6]. During the filming of the documentary, The Truth Behind Crop Circles, National Geographic commissioned a team to create a complex crop circle, the physical construction of which was limited to a few pre-dawn hours, and the successfully completed product may be viewed at:


Implications

Skillfully created hoaxes aside, what of the crop circles that contain anomalies qualifying them as authentic? What has truly been established about such formations? What are the longer term effects? Who or what might be creating authentic crop circles, and how and why? We shall indeed explore the trails where such questions lead us, following on the heels of crop circle research pioneers William C. Levengood, Colin Andrews, Lindy Tucker, Nancy Talbott and Dr. Jacques Vallee, who contributed to forging the trails.

We shall explore what Mr. Levengood, among others, learned about correlations between select crop circles, accelerated plant growth and how it correlates with certain other crop circles. As we shall see, select crop circles share very curious trace evidence with select reports of alleged alien abduction.

I will present facts. I encourage you to decide for yourself what you suspect the facts indicate.


References:

[1] Colin Andrews: Colin Andrews


[2] Merriam-Webster: Crop Circle


[3] Independent Crop Circles Researchers' Association: ICCRA Researchers' Profiles


[4] BLT Research Team, Inc.: Plant Abnormalities


[5] Colin Andrews: Lindy Tucker Says the Crop Circle Hoaxers Should Be Forced Out


[6] National Geographic: The Truth Behind Crop Circles